The main objective of this thesis is to explore spatial superposition as a novel resource for quantum communication. In classical physics, at any instant of time, information flows in one direction only, i.e. an information carrier transmits the message from the sender to the receiver, but not vice versa. In contrast, quantum physics opens up the possibility of putting information carriers in spatial superposition which in turn enables simultaneous bi-directional transmission of information between the sender and the receiver. Our aim is explore this possibility to arrive at new communication tasks that cannot be accomplished within classical physics, thus quantifying the use of quantum superposition as a resource for communication. More precisely, we aim at classifying simple communication protocols (e.g. involving the exchange of information between several players, with restrictions on the available resources) by means of Bell-like inequalities, which set precise limits to classical communication. On the other hand, the classification of these inequalities provides a natural operational framework to show that quantum information carriers in spatial superposition are a genuine resource for non-classical communication (i.e. by explicitly violating the bounds imposed by Bell-like inequalities).