Jewel beetles (Buprestidae) are a family within the order of beetles (Coleoptera), one of the largest orders of insects. About 15,000 species of this family have been described to date, and about 200 species have been recorded in Europe. Jewel beetles are mainly xylophagous species in the larval stage and many of the species is saproxylic, which makes them crucial for maintaining the health of the ecosystem. The fauna of jewel beetles has been poorly studied in Croatia, therefore the main objective of this paper is to present a checklist of jewel beetles and their distribution in Croatia. Data for this research were collected from all available literature, private collections, personal data, online databases (GBIF), the Biologer.hr platform and social networks. A total of 176 species of jewel beetles are recorded for Croatia, and for 154 of them distribution maps were given. The largest number of species is recorded in the Mediterranean biogeographical region (141), and the least in the Alpine region (48). The Mediterranean and continental biogeographical regions are most similar regarding the composition of species and Croatian fauna of Jewel beetles is most similar to the fauna of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The obtained data provided new insights into the biogeographical distribution of the species in Croatia and laid the foundation for future research of this family.