The aim of this study was taxonomic and chorological analyses of the family Polygonaceae within the collection Herbarium Croaticum (ZA). A total 1001 herbarium sheets were restored and digitized and the data are available through Flora Croatica Database and Virtual herbarium Herbarium Croaticum. Distribution maps were prepared for each of the 50 taxa, and data, such as the most common collectors, mean collection years and average age of herbarium sheets were analysed. Herbarium sheets were collected over a period of 190 years, the oldest sheet dates from 1831, while the most intensive collection period was between 1950 and 1970. The vast majority of plant material was collected in Croatia, with the rest originating from nine, mostly neighbouring countries. Plant material was collected by a total of 67 collectors, among whom Ljerka Marković is the most common collector with 330 sheets (about 33 %). Herbarium sheets of the species Fagopyrum tataricum, Oxyria digyna, Rumex alpinus, Rumex bucephalophorus and Rumex × pratensis are the only evidence of existence of these species in Croatia. The majority of herbarium data for the family Polygonaceae in Croatia originates from Herbarium croaticum, in fact for almost half of the taxa this collection is the only source of herbarium data. The analysed data in this study will help to better understand of the distribution of the family Polygonaceae in Croatia and the herbarium material stored in Herbarium Croaticum collection.