Apoptosis is one of the mechanisms by which a cell initiates its own death as part of physiological processes or in response to certain pathological conditions. Through the use of energy and the synthesis of certain proteins, the cell actively initiates programmed cell death, which consists of several events such as fragmentation of the nucleus and DNA, condensation of chromatin, and finally the complete disintegration of the cell. The study of apoptosis mechanisms and regulation of apoptosis opens new possibilities for the treatment of diseases such as tumors, autoimmune diseases, degenerative processes, AIDS, developmental abnormalities, etc. In addition to apoptosis, cells can also die by necrosis. Necrosis is the result of severe cellular damage caused by various physical or chemical agents and usually affects a larger number of cells or larger tissue areas. Stem cells are a source of all types of body cells, and their ability to regenerate damaged tissue makes them unique in medicine. The ability of stem cells to proliferate and differentiate allows them to maintain a balance between cell death and regeneration. Stem cells are always at the center of scientific research due to their pluripotency and their application is one of the greatest hopes for future medicine.