The first immortal cell line, known as HeLa, was one of a series of important discoveries of the last century. It is an extremely fertile and durable culture of cervical cancer cells grown in the 20th century during the treatment of patient Henrietta Lacks. HeLa cells exhibit unique characteristics such as rapid replication, high growth rate, and the ability to survive in a variety of conditions. This makes them an invaluable tool for studying cell biology, genetics and molecular biology processes. Cells have revolutionized biomedical research and have had a profound impact on various scientific fields, including cancer research, virology, immunology and drug testing. She greatly contributed to significant medical discoveries, the development of medicines, numerous vaccines, such as vaccines against the HIV virus, the SARS-CoV-2 virus and polio, the study of the leukemia and various types of cancer. However, the use of HeLa cells raised ethical concerns due to the lack of informed consent from Henrietta Lacks and her family. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of the first human cell culture in medicine, biology, biochemistry, the discovery and influence of drugs, the development of vaccines, and in many other fields.