The aim of this thesis is conceptual determination of the term ‘’homelessness’’ and the depiction of causes to this social issue. The thesis displays the ‘’ETHOS’’ typology on homelessness and home exclusion and describes the term of ‘’homeless’’ according to the ‘’Social Care Law’’. The paper gives an overview of research on causes of homelessness in Croatia and the entire World. Emphasis is placed is the display of aspects that represent notable risks in occurrence of the homelessness, such as economic and financial troubles, addiction, exile, wars and lack of social aid. The thesis also displays preventive/protective factors such as providing of employment and housing spaces, which represent the key link to exit from the homelessness. Attention is given to the system of housing policy towards the individuals with the homelessness status in Croatia, as well as in the rest of the world. Positive practice regarding the empowerment and employment backing of the homeless citizens is displayed within the ‘’Street Lamp’’ programme. The thesis particularly provides the analysis of importance of social work with individuals carrying the status of homeless, and the role in mitigation and reduction of the given social issue.