Repetition of criminal offenses is a serious social phenomenon where perpetrators of criminal offenses commit the same or another criminal offense again, are discovered and re-convicted. This phenomenon indicates the ineffectiveness of the imposed measures and sanctions and the need to reconsider or ultimately change them. The thesis begins with the introduction into the concepts of behavioural problems and juvenile delinquency because these are the phenomena that precede recidivism, or in other words, repetition of criminal offenses. Further, it presents theories that explain delinquency and outlines the most significant risk factors that influence the occurrence of behavioural problems and delinquent behaviour. Juvenile justice and treatment of juvenile offenders are also presented. In general, this thesis provides an overview of previous papers and studies dealing with juvenile delinquency, recidivism among juveniles and models of sanctioning and preventing re-offending. At the very end, proposals for post-penal action and working with minors are presented, which are focused on ensuring that the application of acquired knowledge, skills and patterns of behaviour adopted during the execution of the imposed measure is as successful as possible.