The aim of the review is to gain insight into the consequences caused by the traumatic experience of children and young people, how a traumatic event negatively affects the development of identity and their image of the world and how impaired is their quality of life. The paper also focuses on the treatments given to children and the importance of the role of professionals. The above is based on the empirical knowledge related to research of traumatic events and theoretical knowledge about the effect of trauma on the further development of a person. The first aim of this paper refers to a systematic presentation of the results of scientific research on the consequences of traumatization of children and youth who are exposed to the most common traumatic events. Through the review of empirical research, I will present data related to the consequences of children and youth, which consequences occur the most and how they affect the child's further development and behavior, children's and young people's reactions to the consequences and the importance of support provided by families and the professionals. The second goal is to critically analyze and review the existing practice in social work and to propose interventions in relation to the current knowledge about working with children who have experienced trauma, the treatments that are carried out and related cross-sectoral cooperation. Better recognition of the exposure of children and young people to all forms of traumatization, as well as subsequent consequences, allows the effective definition of needs for intervention and action, so that professionals are qualified to respond to the needs and to reduce retraumatization.