People with disabilities are vulnerable group of people, and when we speak in the context of labor law, they belong to a specially protected category of workers. The aim of this paper is to present the employment status of persons with disabilities, to set out their rights and to point out the shortcomings of the protection system. The paper starts from the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities and their position on the labor market. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the modalities of employment of persons with disabilities and the specifics of employment of persons with disabilities. The rights and obligations of employers in connection with the employment of persons with disabilities are presented, ie the right to receive incentives and the obligation of quota employment, giving preference in employment and ensuring reasonable accommodation. Given the frequent violations of the rights of persons with disabilities, the problem of discrimination was pointed out and emphasis was placed on the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Finally, the right to vocational rehabilitation is shown. Finally, measures and activities are proposed to improve the position of persons with disabilities.