The issue of abortion is a complex area that concerns many aspects of life. In this paper it is provided a description of an abortion in general, as well as the definition of it in the medical sense and its types. Also, abortion itself is placed in a legal context at the level of the legislation of the Republic of Croatia, during which an overview of the most important laws and legal provisions concerning them is presented. The case of M.Č. is presented and placed in a context of a legal nature. Rights which are violated concerning M.Č. are defined as well as the criminal acts that are possibly committed to her detriment, such as the criminal offense of negligent treatment and violation of rights from social insurance. The institute of appeal to conscience is analyzed and its general definition is provided as well as its positioning in the legislation of the European Union and the Republic of Croatia. Also, some objections are listed to the existence of the institute of appeal to conscience in the context of abortion. Ultimately, it was concluded with the medico-legal doubt of the case itself and the consequences that the case has in Croatia.