Adoption is a family and legal institute that, in addition to the formal procedure, encompasses a significant social and emotional component. Adoption is to be contemplated as a complex process involving three parties: a child, biological parents, and adoptive parents. This paper presents results of qualitative research the objective of which is an in-depth insight into the experiences of prospective adoptive parents in relation to making the decision to adopt and preparation for adoption. The research involved twelve prospective adoptive parents (six married couples) whom the social welfare center has found suitable and eligible to adopt, but who have not adopted a child yet, and who do not have their own biological children. The results of the research show that making the decision to adopt is a complex process that begins with initial considering by one or both partners the option of adopting a child, and it includes facing various dilemmas, as well as mitigating and aggravating circumstances. Final decision-making to adopt is most frequently driven by intrinsic motivation (to fulfill parenthood desire, especially desire for motherhood). Most research participants gave a positive opinion on the experience of obligatory participation in programs for preparation for adoption. At the same time, part of the research participants expressed their discontent with the duration and other aspects of the formal adoption process. This indicates the need for a more systematic work with prospective adoptive parents, in particular with those who have been waiting to adopt for a long time.