This paper deals with the topic of state obligation to conduct an effective official investigation when there are allegations of police abuse. Police abuse has a wide range of relevance in today's society. It is above all a violation of fundamental human rights, and if citizens have reason to doubt the integrity of the institutions, there is a loss of public trust in the institutions, which can ultimately create a 'hostile' attitude of citizens towards law enforcement. Also, the most frequent victims of police violence are marginalized communities or individuals, further deepening social inequality. The aforementioned obligation to conduct an official investigation is explained through the definition of procedural obligations set by the Court, then through the definition of criteria for an effective investigation through the analysis of judgments in cases in which the Republic of Croatia participated as a party to the proceedings. Also running through the work is the question of the consequences when the investigation does not reach the threshold of the necessary efficiency required for the investigation to be considered independent. Finally, it explains the manner of execution of the Court's judgments and what is expected of individual member states in connection with the execution of judgments in which a violation of the procedural obligation to conduct an effective investigation has been established.