| Abstract | Diplomski rad se bavi pravnim ustrojem nogometnih klubova u Hrvatskoj, odnosno oblicima društava za upravljanje nogometnim klubovima, a to su udruge i sportska dionička društva. Zakon o sportu omogućava da sportski klub bude osnovan kao udruga ili sportsko dioničko društvo pri čemu svaki oblik ima specifične pravne karakteristike te prava i obveze svojih članova, odnosno dioničara. Udruge okupljaju svoje članove s ciljem promicanja sporta, no one se osnivaju bez namjere stjecanja dobiti. S druge strane, sportska dionička društva omogućuju prikupljanje kapitala te daljnji razvoj i profesionalizaciju. Rad analizira i postupak preoblikovanja udruge u sportsko dioničko društvo koji je reguliran Pravilnikom o preoblikovanju sportskog kluba – udruge za natjecanje u sportsko dioničko društvo, čime se klubovima omogućuje bolji pristup kapitalu i financijskoj stabilnosti. Navedeni su i primjeri klubova poput Hajduka i Rijeke koji su uspješno prošli ovaj postupak. Na kraju rada spominju se europski modeli upravljanja, socios model u Španjolskoj i pravilo „50+1“ u Njemačkoj koji kombiniraju privatno vlasništvo s ulogom navijača koji su uključeni u rad i organizaciju kluba. Zaključno, autorica naglašava potrebu za prilagodbom hrvatskog zakonodavstva radi osiguranja transparentnosti, odgovornosti i dugoročne stabilnosti nogometnih klubova. |
| Abstract (english) | This thesis examines the legal structure of football clubs in Croatia, specifically focusing on the forms of organizations for managing football clubs, associations and sports joint-stock companies. The Sports Law allows a sports club to be established as either an association or a sports joint-stock company, with each form having specific legal characteristics, rights, and obligations for its members or shareholders. Associations gather their members with the goal of promoting sports but are established without the intention of generating profit. On the other hand, sports joint-stock companies allow for capital accumulation, further development, and professionalization. The thesis also analyzes the process of transforming an association into a sports joint-stock company, regulated by the Regulation on the Transformation of a sports club – association for competition into a sports joint-stock company, providing clubs with better access to capital and financial stability. Examples of clubs, such as Hajduk and Rijeka, that have successfully undergone this transformation are mentioned. The thesis concludes by referencing european management models, the socios model in Spain, and the "50+1" rule in Germany, which combine private ownership with the role of fans who are involved in the operation and organization of the club. Finally, the author emphasizes the need to adapt croatian legislation to ensure transparency, accountability, and long-term stability of football clubs. |
