The right to privacy, a fundamental human right, ensures the protection of personal data and prevents unauthorized intrusions into an individual's private life. It was formalized by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and extended through the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. In the digital age, this right faces new challenges due to technological advancements, including mass data collection. This paper analyzes the legal framework for privacy protection at international, European, and national levels. Through a review of international documents, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and European regulations such as the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the paper provides insight into the development and application of privacy rights. Particular attention is given to Croatian cases of privacy violations. The prevalence of privacy violations in the Republic of Croatia in 2023 highlights significant problems across various sectors. According to the report by the Ombudsman, the most common complaints from citizens relate to video surveillance on private properties, employee monitoring by employers, and privacy breaches in healthcare systems. The Croatian Agency for Personal Data Protection conducted 447 investigations, received 279 complaints, issued 148 compliance orders, and imposed 28 sanctions with a total fine amounting to €8,266,350. Croatia stands out with a high total fine compared to other EU member states, which may indicate the seriousness of data protection breaches and the need for greater compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The methodology of the paper includes an analysis of legal documents and relevant literature, as well as a comparative analysis of different approaches to privacy protection. The paper also examines the right to privacy in the digital age and emphasizes the need for continuous legislative improvements and increased user awareness of the risks and necessity of privacy protection.