Starting from the matter of fact that the European Union is a ubiquitous term in contemporary political, economic and social life, this paper gives a description of the emergence of the European Union. The purpose of all the above is to recognize the reasons for the creation of the European union, the effects and the factors that influenced its development and perceiving the potentials and the developmental perspectives of the European union. Namely, this paper adopts a historical perspective of the emergence of the European Union and with regard to these Communities which preceded the European Union are chronologically depicted. Therefore, the European Coal and Steel Community, the European Economic Community and the Community for Atomic Energy are being described in detail with reference to the political and social circumstance sat the times in which the previously mentioned communities were formed. The consequences of the Second World War and the aspirations of the defeated and the victorious countries for establishing peace and fostering economic progress are outlined, which all prompted the idea ofthe formation of a common market. In addition, the paper deals with the description of the changes that led to the idea of the unification of six European states and the establishment of a specific supranational creation and in furthermore examines its development, its legislation, primarily the founding treaties and the stages of its enlargement.