The topic „Protection of possession“ elaborates the term of property (as a specific legal institute) as well as its protection (marked by a series of specialities). Possession is a factual state over things that are rigtfully protected. It is significant to observe that the possession is not the same as the ownership, and they are to diferent conceptions. The roots of property and its protection came from Roman law. There are two forms of protection of possession under the Law of ownership and other substantial rights. Those are judical protection and the right of self-help. Although the right of protection of possession in our legal sistem is accomplished by manners that are issued by the Law of ownership and other substential rights, the property can be protected olso by other legal remedies. Legal protection is used by all people that has autority of substential rights in front of various state institutiones that will decide about their applications in constitutional, criminal, civil, non-procedural, administrative and other proceedings. The right to self-help has everyone that has the right to protect their property, as well as an assistant in the possession. In this study, the topic is going to be treated in such a way that is emphasising the protection of possession, as well as the property itself because it is a concept that is under protection.