Children with disabilities are a particularly vulnerable group of the population to whom it is important to pay even more and more serious attention as soon as possible. Statistics show a significant percentage of disability in childhood, which means that in the Republic of Croatia 45,314 children, with their family members, struggle with their health in everyday life, education, social coexistence and other aspects specific to a particular stage of life. As such, this population group deserves the full support of the social and political order in the form of assistance through all the mechanisms available in the society and systems of the state. Unfortunately, however, it really shows just the opposite. They have been discriminated in many ways, despite the European Convention on Human Rights, which with its provision of Article 14, provides a legal basis for the fight against discrimination. Also, the jurisprudence based on it is very young, but solid foundations have been laid for further upgrading and progressive development in this area. The paper presents legal theory, case law and regulations, as well as a realistic picture of the (in) efficiency of the system and the real state of possibilities and potential in exercising these same rights. Particular attention was paid to the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, in relation to the Convention aimed at children with disabilities. Violation of positive regulations leads to the action of the Court with the aim of achieving positive changes at the level of all Member States of the European Union, in accordance with the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. At the end of the presentation of the theoretical part, a research conducted among parents of children with disabilities and one person with disabilities is presented within their own experience of discrimination.