| Abstract | Pravo zaštite morskog okoliša je pravna disciplina koja proučava pravni režim i zaštitu mora, a možemo je definirati kao skup pravnih propisa kojima se regulira prevencija, smanjivanje, kontrola štetnih utjecaja, popravljanje posljedica koje su nastale onečišćenje, te poduzimanje radnji da bi se okoliš vratio u prvobitno stanje, odnosno u stanje prije onečišćenja. S obzirom na brojnost, specijaliziranost propisa te s obzirom na razmjere onečišćenja u današnje doba u potpunosti je opravdano formiranje prava zaštite morskog okoliša u posebnu pravnu disciplinu. Mnogobrojni su propisi koji reguliraju zaštitu morskog okoliša od onečišćenja; međunarodne konvencije, zakoni, pravilnici, nacionalni propisi... Gledajući povijesni razvoj s vremenom je postalo jasno da postojeće konvencije nisu dovoljno učinkovite za zaštitu morskog okoliša, s obzirom na ubrzani razvoj tehnologije, povećanje broja onečišćivača te u konačnici povećano onečišćenje. Zbog toga 1972. godine na Stockholmskoj konferenciji počinje sustavnija borba za zaštitu morskog okoliša, donošenjem međunarodnih ugovora na regionalnoj razini, s obzirom da se regionalna razina pokazala pogodnija za pretvaranje u konkretne obveze. Republika Hrvatska potpisnica je velikog broja međunarodnih konvencija, dijelom samostalno, dijelom putem sukcesije te aktivno sudjeluje u zaštiti morskog okoliša od onečišćenja, svjesna važnosti koju Jadransko more ima. |
| Abstract (english) | The law of marine environmental protection is a legal discipline that studies the legal regime and protection of the sea, and we can define it as a set of legal regulations that regulate the prevention, reduction, and control of harmful effects, repairing the consequences of pollution, and taking actions to return the environment to its original state, i.e., to the state before pollution. Considering the number and specialization of regulations and the extent of pollution in today's era, the formation of the right to protect the marine environment into a special legal discipline is fully justified. There are numerous regulations regulating the protection of the marine environment from pollution: international conventions, laws, regulations, and national regulations. Looking at the historical development, it became clear over time that the existing conventions are not effective enough to protect the marine environment, considering the accelerated development of technology, the increase in polluters, and, ultimately, increased pollution. For this reason, in 1972, at the Stockholm Conference, a more systematic struggle for the protection of the marine environment began with the adoption of international agreements at the regional level, considering that the regional level proved to be more suitable for turning into concrete obligations. The Republic of Croatia is a signatory to many international conventions, partly independently and partly through succession, and actively participates in the protection of the marine environment from pollution, aware of the importance of the Adriatic Sea. |
