| Abstract | Teško ubojstvo jedno je od najstrašnijih kaznenih djela protiv života i tijela, a i uopće. Njime se povrjeđuje esencijalno pravo- pravo na život. Postoji šest modaliteta počinjenja teškog ubojstva, od čega je u priloženom radu obrađen samo prvi- teško ubojstvo počinjeno na okrutan ili podmukao način. Okrutnost se očituje u tome da žrtva trpi bolove, muke i patnje koji nadilaze njihovu jačinu i/ili duljinu koja uobičajeno prati usmrćenje, dok podmuklost predstavlja iskorištavanje odnosa povjerenja sa žrtvom, a počinjeno je potajno, himbeno te sa zlom nakanom. U praksi se stvari nešto kompliciraju te je čest slučaj da se u istom činu teškog ubojstva očituju elementi i okrutnosti i podmuklosti, a i elementi drugih modaliteta počinjenja teškog ubojstva, pa su stoga u radu izložena pravila o načinu pravnog vrednovanja i označavanja takvih slučajeva. Također, u radu su priloženi i analizirani slučajevi iz hrvatske sudske prakse, na kojima ćemo najbolje naučiti prepoznavati i pravno označavati teško ubojstvo. Ubojstva se najčešće vrše vatrenim i hladnim oružjem, i to navečer, noću i u ranim jutarnjim satima, i to zato što je tada najmanja mogućnost za svjedocima, lakše se skrivaju tragovi, lakše se svladava žrtva. Ubojice su najčešće hladnokrvne osobe, sa problematičnom pozadinom iz djetinjstva, niskog samopoštovanja, nervozni, često ovisnici o alkoholu i opijatima, a najgori slučajevi počinjeni su od strane psihopata. Za ovo je kazneno djelo propisana kazna zatvora najmanje deset godina ili kazna dugotrajnog zatvora, što nam je samo pokazatelj koliko je ovo djelo doista strašno i brutalno. Na zatvorenike se primjenjuje Zakon o izdržavanju kazne zatvora koji propisuje uvjete boravka, prava i pogodnosti zatvorenika te pravila o postpenalnoj pomoći. |
| Abstract (english) | Qualified murder is one of the most horrible criminal offences against life and body, and indeed in general. It violates the essential right- right to live. Qualified murder has six types of comitting, but in this paper we are talking only about the first one- qualified murder committed in a cruel or insidious manner. Cruelty contains of a victim suffering torments, pains and sufferings that are bigger/stronger/longer that they are usually in a murder, while insidiousness contains exploitation of relationship of thrust with the victim, and it is committed secretly, with an evil intention. In reality, things get somehow complicated, and it is often the case that in the same act of qualified murder, elements of both cruelty and insidiousness are manifested, but also elements of other modalities of committing qualified murder, and therefore the rules of the method of legal evaluation and marking of such cases are presented in the paper. Also, there are attached and analyzed cases from Croatian judicial practice in this paper, from which we will best learn how to recognize and legally label qualified murder. Murders are most often committed with firearms and cold weapons, in the evening, at night and in the early hours of morning, because there is the least opportunity to find witnesses, it is easier to hide traces, and it is easier to subdue the victim. Killers are usually cold-blooded people, with a troubled childhood, low self-esteem, nervous, often addicted to alcohol and opiates, and the worst cases are committed by psychopaths. For this crime, a prison sentence of at least ten years or a long-term prison sentence is determined, which is just an indication of how terrible and brutal this crime really is. Zakon o izdržavanju kazne zatvora applies to prisoners, which determines the conditions of accommodation, the rights and benefits of prisoners, and the rules of post-penal assistance. |
