| Abstract | Enterobacteriaceae su bakterije koje pripadaju fakultativno anaerobnim, gram-negativnim štapićima koji ne stvaraju spore. Ovi mikroorganizmi su dugi od 1 do 5 μm, mogu biti pokretni ili nepokretni. Nazivaju se još i crijevne bakterije jer se nalaze u probavnom sustavu ljudi i životinja, no mogu se pronaći i u tlu, vodi i na biljkama. U porodicu Enterobacteriaceae pripadaju rodovi: Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia, Yersinia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Serratia, Morganella, Providencia, Citrobacter... Enterobakterije su biokemijski vrlo različite jedna od druge. Ove bakterije mogu fermentirati ugljikohidrate, reducirati nitrate u nitrite, nemaju oksidaze. Neke od ovih bakterija koriste citrat kao izvor ugljika, tvore indol i sumporovodik (H2S). Vrlo dobro rastu na različitim hranjivim podlogama. Podloge za uzgoj mogu biti jednostavne, selektivne i diferencijalne. |
| Abstract (english) | Enterobateriaceae are facultative anaerobes, gram-negative, non-spore forming, rod shaped bacteria. These microorganisam are 1 – 5 μm long, they can be motile or non-motile. They are commonly called intestinal bacteria, because they can be found in digestive system of humans and animals, but also can be found in soil, water and plants. The most important genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae includes Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia, Yersinia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Serratia, Morganella, Providencia, Citrobacter... Enterobacteriaceae are biochemically very diverse. These bacteria can ferment carbohydrates, reduce nitrates to nitrite, and are oxidase negative. Some of these bacteria use acetate as carbon source, produce indole and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). They grow well in many different media, which can be basic, selective, and differential. |
