Abstract | Vitamini B skupine izrazito su važni za organizam jer neposredno sudjeluju u svim metaboličkim procesima, kako u proizvodnji energije tako i u procesima razgradnje i sinteze ugljikohidrata, proteina i masti. Osim toga, izuzetno su značajni za živčani sustav (tiamin, niacin, biotin), za sintezu nekih hormona, održavanje imunološkog sustava i iskorištavanje drugih vitamina i minerala, te su i međusobno usko povezani (folati, vitamini B6 i B12). U najbolje prehrambene izvore vitamina B skupine spadaju pekarski kvasac, jetra, cjelovite žitarice, riža, orašasti plodovi, mlijeko, jaja, meso (puretina), riba (tuna), te voće (banane). Nedostatak vitamina B skupine ima kronične poslijedice za organizam, onemogućava mu rast i razvoj, uzrokuje razna kožna oboljenja i oscilacije u hormonalnoj ravnoteži. Može doći do oštećenje živčanog tkiva te nemogućnost provođenja signala, što dovodi do raznih fizičkih i mentalnih deformacija i poremećaja koji mogu biti kobni. Ujedno, duži vremenski deficit ovih vitamina može izazvati i smrt. Folati su u novije vrijeme i najproučavaniji vitamini ove skupine, zbog poznatog djelovanja na etiologiju homocisteinemije, koja je prepoznata kao rizični faktor vaskularnih bolesti, raka i porođajnih defekata. Upravo zbog svih gore navedenih funkcija koje ovi vitamini imaju u organizmu, odlučili smo detaljno objasniti njihovu funkciju, značaj, koje poremećaje uzrokuje njihov nedostatak u organizmu, te koji su značajni prehrambeni izvori. |
Abstract (english) | B group vitamins are very important for the organism because it directly involved in all metabolic processes, both in energy production and in the processes of degradation and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. In addition, they are extremely important for the nervous system (thiamin, niacin, biotin), for the synthesis of some hormones, immune system maintenance and utilization of other vitamins and minerals, and are closely related to each other (folate, vitamins B6 and B12). he best dietary sources of vitamin B group include baker's yeast, liver, whole grains, rice, nuts, milk, eggs, meat (turkey), fish (tuna) and fruit (bananas). Lack of the vitamin B group had chronic consequences for the organism, preventing his growth and development, causes various skin diseases and fluctuations in hormonal balance. There may be damage to the nervous tissue and the impossibility of conducting a signal, leading to various physical and mental deformities and disorders that can be fatal. At the same time, long-time deficit in vitamins can cause death. Folate are in recent times most exploring vitamin this group, because of known effects on the etiology homocystanemia, which is recognized as a risk factor for vascular disease, cancer and birth defects. It is because of all the above functions that have these vitamins in the body, we decided to spell out their function, significance, that its lack of disturbances caused by the body and are important food sources. |