In this paper, out of experimental methods of calculating the hydraulic conductivity, the accuracy Hazen and Beyer equation were verified. It was shown that Slichter and Terzaghy authoring methods provide realistic value of hydraulic conductivity, and that previously used forms, as they were used in the literature in recent years, provided undervalued values. Application of USBR method confirmed the regular inaccuracy. Theoretical elaboration of relations between permeability and geometrical properties of porous media is presented by Kozeny-Carman (KC) equation, which has so far been presented in the literature with a limit of application related to the grain size composition. Here it was shown that the degenerations that occur in gravely and siltey - clayey sediments were a consequence of method of calculating mean grain size and effective porosity. Process of calculating the geometric mean grain that demonstrates effective grain for calculation of permeability and specific surface area for all water saturated formations to which Darcy's law applies were presented. For such effective median grain ranges from 0.001 to 60 mm curves of effective porosity were designed. Procedures were verified at the level of local and regional scales for incoherent materials and at the laboratory, local and regional scales for coherent materials. Permeability and specific surface of coherent formation were analyzed on the basis of correlation of these parameters with Atteberg limits and suction properties. A large number of correlation equations between the laboratory determined mass specific surface area and Atteberg limits extracted three convenient methods to calculate the amount of surface area suitable for determination of permeability using the KC equation. A special procedure was shown using the correlation relationship between suction properties and content of clay and dust.