Title Priključenje kogeneracijskog postrojenja na niskonaponsku električnu mrežu
Title (english) Connection of a cogeneration plant to a low voltage electrical network
Author Karlo Balenović
Mentor Alfredo Višković (mentor)
Committee member Vedran Kirinčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Alfredo Višković (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Vitomir Komen (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Engineering (Department of Electric Power Systems) (Section of Electric Facilities and Power Systems) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2021-09-20, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline TECHNICAL SCIENCES Electrical Engineering
Abstract Ovim diplomskim radom dat je prikaz postupka spajanja kogeneracijskog postrojenja na biomasu
na niskonaponsku električnu mrežu. Postupak je prikazan kroz elektrotehničku analizu koja je
sadržana u Elaboratu optimalnog tehničkog rješenja priključenja i uvjetima priključenja navedenih
u Elektroenergetskoj suglasnosti. Priključak se ostvaruje preko blok transformatora (10/0,4 kV)
unutar samog postrojenja na čiju se niže naponsku stranu spaja generator (0,4 kV), dok se više
naponska razina priključuje na srednji napon mreže (10 kV).
Nadalje je prikazan postupak provođenja svih potrebnih proračuna, kako postojećeg stanja mreže,
tako i nakon priključenja kogeneracijskog postrojenja, a sve u vidu stvaranja tehničkih uvjeta u
mreži. Proračuni su se prvenstveno odnosili na proračun tokova snaga, iznosa struje kratkog spoja,
te relativne promjene napona u čvorištima mreže. Svi proračuni su izvršeni u programskom paketu
NEPLAN.
Nakon priključenja kogeneracijskog postrojenja na mrežu dolazi do promjene napona koja prelazi
granice dopuštenih vrijednosti (90-110% nazivnog napona). U radu su objašnjeni načini smanjenja
promjene napona kroz postupak smanjenja faktora snage proizvodnje elektrane i zamjenom
postojećih vodova. Prilikom priključenja snage od 500 kW, promjena napona je svedena u granice
dozvoljenih vrijednosti promjenom faktora snage proizvodnje na način da postrojenje radi u
režimu održavanja napona jalovom snagom. Pri priključenju još jedne elektrane od 500 kW,
priključna snaga na mrežu je iznosila 2 x 500 kW, te je u tom slučaju, uz smanjenje faktora snage
proizvodnje elektrana, došlo i do promjene postojećih vodova u kabele s većim presjekom, budući
da veći presjek predstavlja manji otpor, a time i manju promjenu napona. Zaključak je da se na
postojeću mrežu, bez potrebnih radova na mreži, može priključiti jedno kogeneracijsko postrojenje
priključnom snagom od 500 kW uz faktor snage opterećenja cosꝬ = 0,95.
Abstract (english) This diploma thesis presents the process of connecting a biomass cogeneration plant to a low
voltage electricity network. The procedure is presented through the electrical analysis contained
in the Study of the optimal technical connection solution and connection conditions specified in
the Electricity Approval. The connection is made via a block transformer (10 / 0.4 kV) within the
plant itself, to the lower voltage side of which the generator (0.4 kV) is connected, while the higher
voltage level is connected to the medium voltage of the network (10 kV).
Furthermore, the procedure of conducting all necessary calculations is presented, both the existing
condition of the network and after the connection of the cogeneration plant, all in the form of
creating technical conditions in the network. The calculations primarily referred to the calculation
of power flows, the amount of short-circuit current, and the relative voltage changes in the network
nodes. All calculations were performed in the NEPLAN software package.
After connection of the cogeneration plant to the network, there is a voltage change that exceeds
the permissible values (90-110% of the rated voltage). The paper explains the ways to reduce the
voltage change through the process of reducing the power factor of the power plant production
and replacing the existing lines. When connecting a power of 500 kW, the voltage change is
reduced to the permissible values by changing the production power factor in such a way that the
plant operates in the mode of maintaining the voltage with reactive power. When connecting
another 500 kW power plant, the connection power to the grid was 2 x 500 kW, and in that case,
in addition to reducing the power factor of the power plant production, the existing lines were
changed into cables with a larger cross section, since a larger cross section represents lower
resistance, and thus a smaller voltage change. In conclusion, one cogeneration plant with a
connection power of 500 kW with a load power factor cosꝬ = 0.95 can be connected to the existing
network without the necessary works on the network.
Keywords
kogeneracijsko postrojenje
faktor snage proizvodnje
tokovi snaga
struja kratkog spoja
relativna promjena napona
Keywords (english)
cogeneration plant
production power factor
power flows
short circuit current
relative voltage change
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:190:966830
Study programme Title: Graduate University Study of Electrical Engineering Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
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Created on 2021-10-27 10:03:04