Jaw bones can be affected by various pathological processes. By observing radiological images, transparencies that represent cavities in bone can often be noticed, sometimes even as an accidental finding. Cystic lesions in bone are manifested as more or less well-defined, circular or oval transparencies, unilocular or multilocular, with scalloped or straight margins. Other pathological changes can have similar manifestation and as such could lead to false diagnosis. Changes that also give transparent radiological appearance include pseudocysts, giant cell lesions, odontogenic and non-odontogenic tumors, ectopic glandular tissue, metastases of malignant tumors in other parts of the body, bone changes as part of the syndrome. In addition, such changes can also include teeth germs before calcification, trabecular variations of cancellous bone, focal osteoporotic bone defects or post-extraction healing disorders. In order to reduce the risk of false diagnosis, it is important to take medical history, observe the clinical picture and interpret X-rays accordingly. Firstly, it is neccesary to be familiar with normal findings without anomalies and pathology in order to notice its variations. During radiological analysis of intraoral and intraosseous lesions certain steps are being followed. Firstly, the localization of the lesion is being determined - whether there is one or multiple lesions, as well as its position in the jaw and its size. Followed by the analysis of the periphery of the lesion, including its margins and shape. After that comes the analysis of internal structure and then effect of the lesion on surrounding tissue. Each of the steps make the analysis of X-rays easier and lead to correct diagnosis and distinguishing malignant from benign changes. Furthermore, this allows for the right treatment plan based on the nature of such change and contributes to a quicker healing process.