Radiological diagnostics of cystic lesions is an inevitable step that foregoes the surgical procedure. We differentiate the cysts that occur in relation to the teeth- odontogenic cysts, and those whose development is not related to the teeth- non- odontogenic cysts, and pseudocysts which are not real cysts because they do not have an epithelial layer. There are also cysts of soft tissues. In addition to impeccable knowledge of anatomy, oral surgeons must be acquainted with all the opportunities that diagnostics offers. Technology development has also made progress in radiology which helped diagnostics both in dentistry and in medicine generally. Diagnosis of cystic lesions can be provided by various methods: panoramic images of jaws, computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance. There are two-dimensional and three-dimensional views. Ultrasonic method, unlike the above mentioned methods, does not give enough information to determine the existence of a cyst. When talking about cystic lesions that show some symptoms, it is necessary to evaluate whether those lesions are in the bones or in soft tissues in order to evaluate which diagnostic method to choose. Asymptomatic cysts are often a coincidental discovery on x-ray images taken for other reasons. Finally, the role of radiological methods is valuable in differential diagnosis.