Implant prosthetic restorations are removable and fixed prostheses supported by dental implants. The decision on the selection of type of implant prosthetic is made in the phase of pre-therapeutic evaluation. It depends on the bone volume, type of occlusion, prosthetic requirements and patient’s aesthetic preferences. Prosthetic restorations secured by implants can be attached to implants with screws (screw-retained) or can be cemented to abutments which are attached to implants with screws. The choice of using either of these two retention methods is still controversial. Dental clinicians take the opposite views regarding the retention method, which primarily depends on the actual experience and practice of the dentist or the entire dental team, the level of expertise and equipment of the dental technical laboratory as well as on patient’s desires. Cement- and screw-retained implant prostheses demonstrate that in some clinical situations each retention method has certain advantages and disadvantages over the other, however, there are some situations in which it is better to select one method of retention rather than the other. This paper will describe and compare cement- and screw-retained implant prosthetic restorations, their advantages and disadvantages, and demonstrated clinical case studies. The written results of clinical studies; survival and reported complications of screw-retained and cement-retained fixed reconstructions supported by dental implants and study of microbial colonization of the peri-implant sulcus.