Dental implant abutments are the connecting elements between the implant fixture, which is surgically placed into the bone and represents artificial replacement for the natural dental root, and the prosthetic suprastructure, which compensates for the shape, colour and function of the missing tooth. Having a direct impact on the long-term prognosis and successs of this therapeutic procedure, they represent the center of functional and aesthetic aspects of implant therapy. Nowadays, there are numerous implant abutments available on the market. Most frequently used materials for their making are titanium and zirconium- oxide ceramics. It is commonly believed that in certain cases where longer-term stability of the work is more important than aesthetics itself, titanium implant abutments are used, as in the case of the back part of the dental arch where greater loading forces are used and there is a greater possibility of fracturing fragile ceramic abutments. In the front segment of the tooth arche the advantage is given to zirconium oxide abutments thus obtaining a better result. Titanium and zirconium oxide abutments can be obtained as finished stock abutments or they can be made for each patient individually using casting procedure or modern CAD/CAM technology. Stock abutments represent cheaper and faster option, but the optimal look of the surrounding soft tissue and the overall success of implant therapy often cannot be achieved by using them. If the correction of implant insertion angle cannot be obtained by stock abutment adjustment, neither the shape and size of the abutment required to provide sufficient support fot prosthetic suprastructure, preparation of custom abutment is indicated. Although it is more expensive and more complex procedure, it provides better long-term success of implant therapy.