Tooth extraction is an oral surgical procedure which has its own diagnosis, indications, contraindications, technique and instrumentation. It is performed when a particular tooth cannot be preserved by any other dental intervention. Before the start of the extraction, it is important to be familiar with the patient's medical condition by taking detailed medical history, performing a clinical intraoral examination and analyzing the tooth x-ray. In some cases, the procedure needs to be temporarily postponed. If the extraction is immediate, it is necessary to select the appropriate instrument and achieve analgesia of the operative area by administering anesthesia. The dominant type of anesthesia in oral surgery is local anesthesia which can be applied to the mucous membrane surface, infiltrating or near the nerve artery, which we call a conductive anesthetic. In extraction in the upper and frontal segment of the lower jaw, infiltration (plexus) anesthesia is most commonly used, while in the extraction of lower molars mandibular anesthesia is used more commonly. During the extraction process, complications may occur. They are most often the result of the negligent work or rough extraction techniques. However, some of the complications certainly depend on the morphological-anatomical position of the tooth in relation to the alveolar bone, surrounding areas and tissues, so they cannot be avoided. Complications during tooth extraction are crown fractures or tooth root fractures, interradicular septa fracture, alveolar ridge fracture, mandibular corpus fracture, adjacent tooth injury, injury of the antagonist tooth, soft tissue injury, tooth or root dislocation, depilation of the teeth or roots in the surrounding tissues, temporomandibular joint luxation and oroantral communication (OAC).