| Abstract | Darovita su djeca osobe s posebnim odgojno-obrazovnim potrebama. Zbog specifičnosti strukture osobnosti te natprosječnog intelektualnog funkcioniranja zahtijevaju poseban i dodatni angažman te brigu roditelja, odgajatelja, učitelja i šire društvene zajednice. Daroviti mogu biti svestrani, kreativni, maštoviti, emocionalno osjetljivi, samokritični, perfekcionisti. Unutar obitelji takva djeca trebaju brižne i emocionalno tople roditelje pune strpljenja i empatije te također bogatije i stimulativnije uvjete u domu nego prosječno dijete. Stoga im treba osigurati raznolikost poticaja, aktivnosti te iskustava. U vrtićkom su okruženju od presudne važnosti osobine, kvalitete i kompetencije odgajatelja te poticajima i materijalima bogato okruženje uz dodatne sadržaje i izazove za darovite. Neki smatraju da daroviti zbog svojih visokih sposobnosti ne trebaju dodatnu pomoć učitelja, no u praksi to nije tako već oni trebaju pomoć, individualizirani pristup te dodatne izazove i sadržaje. Prema Hüther i Hauser (2015) darovitost se prikazuje kao produkt urođenih sposobnosti koje motiviraju na željene radnje uz poticajnu okolinu. Darovitu djecu posebnom čini njihov veliki interes za specifična područja, kreativnost, maštovitost, umnost. Oni samostalno pronalaze probleme i na zanimljiv način ih rješavaju. Od izuzetne je važnosti da kompetentan odgajatelj bude otvoren za nove spoznaje te uvijek spreman za stjecanje novog znanja i usavršavanje. Odgajatelj koji je fleksibilan u vlastitom radu, strpljiv i otvoren raspolagat će većim brojem poželjnih odgojnih postupaka za poticanje razvoja darovita djeteta te će takav odgajatelj imati pozitivne stavove prema darovitoj djeci koja će mu predstavljati profesionalni izazov, a ne teret s kojim se ne može nositi (Sindik, 2010). Vrlo je važno rano prepoznavanje darovitog djeteta radi učinkovitog poticanja njegovog razvoja od najranije dobi kao i za budućnost našeg društva. |
| Abstract (english) | Gifted children are persons with special educational needs. Because of their specific personality structure and above average intellectual functioning they require special and additional engagement, as well as care of their parents, educators, teachers and their social community as a whole. Those who are gifted can be versatile, creative, imaginative, emotionally sensitive, self-critical, perfectionist. Within the family such children require caring and emotionally warm parents that are full of patience and empathy, at home they need conditions that are more stimulative and rich in comparison to an average child's home. Consequently, one must make sure that their incentives, activities and experiences are divers. In preschool surroundings things of the utmost importance are their educator’s characteristics, qualities and competences as well as an environment that is rich in incentives and materials that also includes additional contents and challenges for the gifted. Some consider that, because of their above average abilities, gifted do not need additional help by their teachers, but practice showed that it is not so, gifted need help, individualized approach, additional challenges and contents. According to Hüther and Hauser (2015) giftedness is portrayed as a product of congenital abilities that motivate to desired actions with a help of an incentive enviroment. The things that make gifted children special are their big interest in specific areas, creativity, imagination, intelligence. They find problems on their own and solve them in an interesting way. It is crucial that a competent educator is always open to new insights and also always ready for acquiring new knowledge and specialization. Educator that is flexible in his own work, patient and outgoing will have a number of desirable educational procedures at his disposal to encourage the development of the gifted child and such an educator will have positive attitudes towards gifted children that will represent to him a professional challenge, not a burden that he cannot cope with (Sindik, 2010). Early identification of a gifted child is very important not only in order to effectively encourage its development from an early age but also for the future of our society |
