Topic of this master’s thesis is The role of emotions in primary education teaching. This paper is divided into two parts, first being the theory and second being the quantitative research. The importance of emotions in education is briefly presented in the theoretical part. The term ‘emotions’ does not have generally accepted definition and is difficult to describe. The goal of the research was to examine the role and significance of emotions and emotional states on students’ concentration during the teaching process. On a sample of 112 examinees from the fourth grade of primary school, a survey questionnaire was used to examine students’ emotional states and the role of emotions on concentration and studying during the teaching process with regard to students’ gender. In order to preserve students’ dignity and integrity, survey questionnaire was anonymous and examinees could give up the research at any time. The results of research were analyzed using the SPSS Statistic 2.0.0. programme. The results obtained showed that female gender is more emotionally sensitive than the male gender as well as the male gender is more indifferent in situations like getting a bad or excellent grade and in assessing and recognizing other people’s emotions. It is also indicated that only small proportion of students acquired emotional competence of expressing and perceiving their own emotions.