Emergencies in childhood refer to conditions that endanger the life of a child and can be the result of acute illness, injury, accident and et cetera. In the first year of life, the most common emergencies are related to foreign body aspiration, poisoning by drugs or other means, burns, drowning and falls. In the second year of life, traffic accidents also occur due to the mobility of the child. In the third and fourth year, falls, drownings and traffic accidents often occur. From the age of five, bicycle accidents are more frequent and from the age of ten, there are also accidents caused by firearms. According to the World Health Organization, Europe has one of the lowest child mortality rates in the world. The following causes of death in children are the most common in Croatia: traffic accidents (73%), drowning (8%), poisoning (6%), falls (5%), suffocation (5%) and electric shock (3%). The paper describes the most common emergencies, injuries and accidents in preschool age and first aid procedures. Crisis protocols in preschool, safety measures, injury prevention and first aid education are also described. At the end of the paper, a research was presented with the aim of determining the level of knowledge of early and preschool education students about first aid procedures and examining their attitudes about their own experience during initial education. The research found that students gain enough knowledge about the characteristics of child growth and development during their studies, but do not acquire enough knowledge about emergency procedures, although there are courses that deal with these topics. The results show that students feel safer with some simpler first aid procedures and less secure with more complex procedures. It can be concluded that studies do not sufficiently prepare students for various unexpected situations, how they should react in emergencies and what certain protocols in kindergartens look like.