The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in the morphological characteristics and level of physical activity of children considering their place of residence. The context of the urban and rural environment an their impact on children was taken into account. Seven variables related to body height and weight, body mass index, percentile values, the arithmetic mean of the three caliper values of the skin folds of the upper arm and back, and the percentage of body fat were used in the measurements. In order for the results to be more complete, the respondents' parents filled out a questionnaire related to habits and level of physical activity. The sample consists of 61 children (34 girls and 27 boys) and their parents (46 women and 15 men) aged 24 to 55 years, for a total of 122 respondents. For the needs of the research, a suitable sample of two groups of preschool children (from 3 to 6 years of age) attending kindergarten in two different cities (Labin and Zagreb) was selected. The software package Statistica 13.0 was used for the analysis of the collected data. The results are presented in tabular form. A T-test was used to determine the difference in morphological characteristics of children considering their place of residence. The collected materials from the questionnaires were combined into a tabular form that serves as a description of physical activity and movement habits of the examined children. The results of measuring the morphological characteristics of children considering their place of residence showed that there was no statistically significant difference in any of the variables. Results by gender showed that a statistically significant difference was found in favor of girls in the variable body fat percentage. The results of the questionnaire showed that children in most cases spend their free time actively outdoors, but there are differences with regard to the place of residence. It can be concluded that it is necessary to regularly monitor the morphological characteristics of children and to promote daily physical activity and its importance for children and adults.