This paper describes the content of the athletics, its elements and importance, and its representation in primary education. The first part discusses the conception of athletics as a sport, the first Olympic Games and other athletic competitions held in the world. The characteristics of professional athletics, its disciplines and the division of categories by age for attendance in competitions are then described. The next chapter discusses school athletics, selected disciplines for students depending on their age and athletics as an extra-teaching activity. Afterwards, the anthropological status of students and their connection to athletic content are described, which is also continuously monitored and measured in the educational system through subject Physical education (PE). This course gives students a positive attitude towards sports as a tool for personal development, but also for social development among peers. The subject (PE) is then elaborated in detail from the point of view of the curriculum and educational plan and program of the athletic content in the subject (PE). Attention is also paid to teachers' attitudes towards the subject and their influence on students' achievements and development.