Montessori education has developed out of the need for improvement of the traditional education methods. Throughout her life, the founder of this alternative teaching method, Maria Montessori, spent a lot of time observing children and their behavior. By taking all of her acknowledgments into consideration, she concluded that respecting a child’s inner needs and real interests, instead of using extrinsic motivation, is crucial for its improvement. She came up with a list of special educational principles which must be respected while working with children. In order for the child to develop into a whole person, it is necessary to allow it freedom and independence in the process of growth. A child is born with innate potentials which need to be recognized and encouraged during special sensitive periods. The environment in which the child grows up must be thoughtfully prepared, with teaching materials and furniture that is completely adjusted to it. Being a part of an environment like that makes the child motivated for work and focused on the chosen activity. Adults should learn how to be restrained and patient in these conditions, and offer the child indirect help or an extra stimulus if it is needed. If a child acts disruptive towards its environment, an adult must step in in order to stop threatening someone else’s freedom, order, and peace. A child must know certain boundaries, but they should not be forcefully imposed. A child should always be active, instead of passive. To be able to develop their skills and abilities, children must be fully focused on their work. Polarization and normalization of attention evolve from concentration and they represent the base of self-discipline. Discipline occurs spontaneously and does not require the activity of a grown-up if all of the conditions for a child’s independent development are fulfilled. A child who is allowed to choose and act freely becomes able to focus all of its attention on aspects that are important for the process of self-growth. Therefore, all of the potential discipline problems are avoided.