Preschool children tend to explore their abilities, but they still cannot really see the possible dangers. As a result, they are often exposed to many accidents and injuries that require urgent intervention. The approach to first aid in a child differs from an adult because the child has different anatomical and physiological characteristics which are age-specific and different in infants (children up to one year), young children (children aged one to three years) and preschool children (aged three to six years). Pediatric Basic Life Support (PBLS) combines procedures that, without the use of technical aids, help to overcome respiratory and circulatory failure conditions in children until the arrival of emergency medical care, which then provides pediatric advanced life support measures. The sequence of providing resuscitation is based on the ABC approach, A (airway), B (breathing), C (circulation) with the aim of maintaining the basic vital functions of breathing and circulation and their re-establishment to prevent the consequences of respiratory arrest and heart failure on the brain and others the internal organs of the child. In addition to providing basic maintenance of the child's life, the thesis emphasizes the importance of other conditions that endanger the child's life and the procedures to be carried out in their case. Injuries can also occur in kindergarten, and then the person who provides first aid to the child is the preschool teacher. Therefore, it is extremely important that educators, as well as other preschool staff, have adequate knowledge and skills to provide it. In addition to adults, children attending preschool institutions can learn the basics of providing first aid to their peers and other vulnerable people.