What defines a country is the learned system of values that is passed on by inheritance and is summed up in the term culture. Culture determines all areas of human life, but it is related to education more than to any other aspect. We can say that education is a medium for achieving culture, while this same culture determines the process of education. The philosophy of education deals with questions of the meaning and purpose of education. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether this purpose is the same regardless of the part of the world in which it is defined. By studying the available literature, we came to the conclusion that the environment greatly changes the intention and goals of education. Simply because there is a difference in the comprehension of the term, there is also a different system of values and methods of performingthe same process as well. A comparative analysis of Eastern and Western countries showed that different cultures necessarily mean different approaches to educational theory. This means that the philosophy of education is susceptible to the culture and time in which it is applied. This is why certain practices that are functional in one environment, are completely unacceptable in another, even neighboring environment. Accordingly, the educational philosophy should be interpreted in the context from which it originates. Consequently, knowing the history and heritage of the nation whose methods and customs we study will be beneficial for us. Although it is difficult to define the term education per, it is certain that it is a multifaceted process which requires the interaction of all participants in order to achieve the wanted result. However, considering that education is a creative activity, it cannot be planned completely, but its directions and outcomes are directly determined by its participants. Like education, culture requires creativity because it stems from it. Therefore, education aims to form active individuals who will transmitthe the culture, but also revise it, so that it does not extinct or be routinely transferred.