This thesis provides a detailed overview of postural problems in children, focusing on causes, risks, and prevention. Proper body posture is considered a crucial indicator of good health and proper growth and development. The spine plays a key role in maintaining correct posture. Postural problems are common in children and can have negative effects on their physical health and self-confidence. Risk factors for developing improper posture include incorrect sitting position, lack of physical activity, and obesity. Prevention of postural problems in children is of great importance, and exercise through play is recommended as a natural treatment method. The research conducted on preschool-aged children analyzed the prevalence of improper body posture, identified the most affected areas, and explored the differences in the occurrence of postural problems between male and female genders. The results showed that 89.36% of children have some form of postural problem, while only 10.64% have excellent posture. The highest frequency of postural deviations was observed in the abdominal position among 34.04% of participants, the shoulder position among 42.55% of participants, and foot arches among a significant 48.94% of participants. The differences in postural deviations between male and female genders are minimal. These results provide a foundation for further interventions and preventive measures.