| Abstract | Jacques Maritain je bio značajan neotomistički filozof čije su ideje o odgoju utjecale na suvremene obrazovne teorije. Njegova filozofija odgoja temelji se na integralnom humanizmu, koji naglašava cjeloviti razvoj osobe uključujući intelektualne, moralne, estetske i duhovne aspekte. Maritain vjeruje da obrazovanje treba razvijati sve ljudske potencijale, a ne samo prenositi znanje i vještine. Maritain ističe vaţnost slobode i odgovornosti u obrazovanju, smatrajući da obrazovanje mora učenike pripremiti za slobodan i odgovoran ţivot. Kritički pristup odgoju, koji potiče učenike na samostalno razmišljanje i preispitivanje postojećih uvjerenja, takoĎer je ključan element njegove filozofije. Maritain kritizira suvremene obrazovne sustave koji se fokusiraju na utilitaristički pristup, naglašavajući da obrazovanje treba uključivati moralne i duhovne aspekte. Njegov personalizam stavlja pojedinca u središte obrazovnog procesa, prepoznajući jedinstvene talente, potrebe i potencijale svakog učenika. Maritainov idealan učitelj nije samo prenositelj znanja, već i vodič koji pomaţe učenicima u razvoju njihovog intelektualnog, morlanog i duhovnog potencijala. Učitelji trebaju integrirati intelektualni, morlani i duhovni razvoj u svoj nastavni plan i poticati učenike na kritičko mišljenje (ĐorĎević, 1990). Maritainova vizija obrazovanja za demokraciju i graĎanski angaţman takoĎer je značajan. On vjeruje da obrazovanje treba pripremiti pojedince za aktivno i odgovorno sudjelovanje u društvu, promičući pravdu, bratstvo i zajedničko dobro. Njegove ideje su inspirirale brojne obrazovne programe i škole diljem svijeta, koji teţe stvaranju inkluzivnih zajednica i potiču cjeloviti rast učenika. Iako se suočava s kritikama zbog prekomjernog naglašavanja duhovne dimenzije i općenitih filozofskih pristupa, Maritainova filozofija ostaje relevantna. Njegov holistički pristup obrazovanju, koji integrira intelektualni, moralni i duhovni razvoj, pruţa dragocjene smjernice za oblikovanje suvremenih obrazovnih sustava. Maritainova vizija obrazovanja kao sredstva za razvoj cjelovitih, odgovornih i moralnih pojedinaca nudi putokaz za stvaranje pravednijeg i humanijeg društva. |
| Abstract (english) | Jacques maritain was a significant neo-Thomist philosopher whose idea on education have influenced contemporary educational theories. His philosophy of education is based on integral humanism, which emphasizes the holistic development of the person, including intellectual, moral, aesthetic, and spiritual aspects. Maritain believes that education should develop all human potential, not just transmit knowledge and skills. Maritain emphasizes the importance of freedom and responsibility in education, considering that education must prepare students for a free and responsible life. A critical approach to education, which encourages students to think independently and re-evalute existing beliefs, is also a crucial element of his philosophy. Maritain criticizes contemporary educational system that focus on a utilitarian approach, emphasizing that education should include moral and spiritual aspects. His personalism places the individual at the center of the educational process, recognising the unique talents, needs, and potentials of each student. Maritain's ideal teacher is not only a transmitter of knowledge, but also a guide who helps students develop their intellectual, moral and spiritual potential. Teachers should integrate intellectual, moral, and spiritual development into their curriculum and encourage students to think critically. Maritain's vision of education for democracy and civil engagement is also significant. He believes that education should prepare individuals for active and responsible participation in society, promoting justice, fraternity, and the common good. His ideas have inspired numerous educational programs and schools worldwide, which strive to create inclusive communities and encourage holistic student growth. Despite facing criticism for an excessive emphasis on the spritual dimension and general philosophical approaches, Maritain's philosophy remains relevant. His holistic approach to education, which integrates intellectual, moral, and spiritual development, provides valuable guidelines for shaping contemporary educational systems. Maritain's vision of education as a means for developing well-rounded, responsible, and moral individuals offers a pathway for creating a more just and humane society. |
