Depression is the emotional state of a person which is characterized by feelings of sadness, sorrow and dejection. Today it is frequantly lifelong experience of a contemporary man. (Vulić – Prtorić, 2003). Literature about the cause of depression in the childhood and adolescence is increasingly richer in new knowledge every day. Different approaches are used, depending on the theoretical orientation of the researcher. The causes are many, very various and often interwined. Therefore, it is difficult to identify them and to properly diagnose and select the treatment. In paper are mentioned biological, psychoanalytic, behavioral and cognitive theory of depression (Vulić – Prtorić, 2003). Depression syndrome in childhood is similar to depression in a adulthood. It contains changes in four domains, such as mood, motivation, body and motor function and cognition. However, despite the same symptoms, there are big differences among depressive children. That is why every child should be treated individually because tratment of the heterogeneous group as homogeneous creates increased confusion (Wenar, 2003). Treatment of depression is achieved with medications such as tritial antidepressants and psychotherapy. Medications reduce depressive symptoms, but their effectiveness depends on plasma levels and is lower in children with psychotic symptoms. In adolescence, medications have limited effectiveness, most likely because of sex hormones that interfere with their antidepressant effect (Wenar, 2003). However, medications allow the use of psychotherapy, which in a child's case is playing or family therapy (Živković, 2006). In this paper entitled "Depression in children", the term depression, its theoretical starting point, symptoms, causes and treatment will be explained more closely. The purpose of the paper is to bring closer the concept to educators, parents and the community to identifying the symptoms in children and helping them with treatment.