Used since early childhood, picturebooks present the first contact between children and literature. Thanks to the diversity of topics they address, picturebooks are also useful for teachers who can use them as teaching aids in different subjects. The goal of this master thesis is to study the possibilities of using childrenʼs literature as a tool for solving mathematical problems. The thesis will specifically focus on picturebooks, which can be used as a teaching aid that helps students learn and understand different mathematical concepts. The thesis provides an overview of literature about picturebooks and their importance in the lives and development of children, as well as an overview of literature about problem solving in mathematics. The main part analyses the use of picturebooks in the second and fourth grade of elementary school for solving mathematical problems and promoting a better understanding of various mathematical concepts – specifically the polygon, infinity, and the role of the plus sign. The present research shows that using picturebooks in the second and fourth grade helps teachers bring math closer to students. It also shows that picturebooks are useful for problem solving and working with what if questions. Students enjoy this type of learning and mostly have positive reactions to the lessons that include picturebooks. The research shows that students did not previously have an opportunity to use picturebooks in their math lessons. Teachers also like the idea of including picturebooks in math lessons and think that the biggest problem in this respect is the fact that there are not enough copies of picturebooks for every student in the classroom.