When a child is born into a family, the luckiest ones are the parents and their role today represents a huge challenge both in the context of overall development and in the context of communication and speech development. Language is a natural communication system and speech is language in action, an sound communication. First three years of life are the most intense for the development of child's language and speech. Different theories and methodological approaches have tried to explain the abovementioned development; biheviorism, nativism, cognitivism, social theory. Since none of the theories has fully explained the phenomenom, it need to be approached multidisciplinary. In this thesis different phonological, morphological, syntatic and lexical features of a typical child's language and speech development are named, as well as the turning points. Every child, however, follow their own way, and on that way parents are the support. The aim of this thesis is to give insight into recent indigenous and foreign literature about the parent's encouragement of child's mastering the speech. The results of numerous researches show that parents, as the first child's surrounding, contribute to the development of language and speech. Child-directed speech (CDS), repetition and expanding the child's utterance, asking questions, describing actions, talking about past events and many other strategies contibute to the development of language and speech of kindergarten children. In order for a child to acquire speech more easily, it is important to create different communication situations. Parents have to be a language role model, they have to create positive emotional environment based on trust, love and freedom, recognize on time their abilities and assist in their constant development, and play different language games with their child becaues children that are more encouraged by their parents to engage in a conversation show a higher level of language development.