| Abstract | U ovom diplomskom radu objašnjeno je kako je proveden konzervatorsko-restauratorski postupak na odabranim elementima grupe reljefa Vaska Lipovca iz hotela Epidaurus u Cavtatu koji su pripadali cjelini od najvjerojatnije 17 elemenata. Riječ je o djelima Dama i Mornar. Istraživanje je započeto sakupljanjem podataka o povijesti skulptura da bi se usredotočilo na utvrđivanje sastava materijala, odnosno vrste drva nosioca i industrijskih boja kojima je Lipovac oslikao reljefe te određivanje odgovarajuće metode i materijala koji će se primijeniti u konzervatorsko-restauratorskom zahvatu. Odabir restauratorskih materijala temeljen je na zelenoj kemiji i osobinama suvremenih djela koje je Lipovac izveo u drvu i oslikao tzv. „neumjetničkim“ bojama. Najboljim sredstvom za čišćenje površinskih nečistoća na odabranim reljefima pokazali su se gelovi na bazi prirodne gume i vode. Ksantan gel pH 7 korišten je za čišćenje površinske nečistoće na najosjetljivijim, plavim zonama Mornara, a isti gel u otopini limunske kiseline u destiliranoj vodi pH 6 korišten je na drugim zonama bojanog sloja kod Mornara te na cijeloj površini Dame. Mrlje koje nisu dio izvornog oslika vidljive na Dami uklonjene su mehanički. Drveni nosilac obje skulpture, degradiran pod utjecajem vlage i crvotočine, konsolidiran je otopinom Paraloida B-72 u etilnom alkoholu i acetonu (1:1) postupnim povećavanjem postotka konsolidanta u otapalu (12 - 20%). Bojani sloj, mjestimično uzdignut i odvojen od podložnih slojeva, podlijepljen je Lascauxovim Medium for consolidation. Ova akrilna disperzija nije izazvala deformaciju bojanog sloja i nije utjecala na ton boje. Za popunjavanje većih oštećenja u drvu korišten je kit sastavljen od 20% Paraloida B72 u etilnom alkoholu s mikrobalonima i s bolonjskom kredom, a za manja oštećenja, kao što su rupe crvotočine, korišten je Mowiol kit. Za rekonstrukciju nedostajućih dijelova drvenog nosioca odabran je kit 25% Paraloida B-72 s mikrobalonima u acetonu. Zadnji sloj rekonstrukcije donjeg dijela Mornara i Dame izveden je toniranim kitom 25% Paraloida B-72 u acetonu s mikrobalonima i bolonjskom kredom (1:1). Sloj osnove rekonstruiran je podlogom izrađenom od 10 % otopine Mowiola u destiliranoj vodi, ugušćene bolonjskom kredom u težinskom omjeru (1:2). Retuš je izveden pigmentima vezanim 25% otopinom Aquazola 500 u vodi. Donji rekonstruirani dio drvenog nosioca Mornara retuširan je kako bi se površina uskladila s izvornim izgledom drvenog nosioca. Retuš tog dijela izveden je akvarelnim bojama, tehnikom tratteggio. Za lakiranje je korištena 25%, a zatim 10% otopina Regalreza 1094 u Shellsolu D40 s dodatkom dimastog kremena (silica) radi regulacije sjajnosti laka. II Izgled cjeline Lipovčeve „grupe reljefa iz Cavtata“ rekonstruiran je pomoću računalnog CAD programa (SketchUp 8) na temelju sačuvanih elemenata i fotodokumentacije. |
| Abstract (english) | In this master thesis conservation-restoration treatment was carried out on the selected elements of a group of reliefs by Vasko Lipovac, from Hotel Epidurus in Cavtat , which most likely belonged to a whole of the 17 elements . The artworks are the Lady and the Sailor. The research began with collecting the data about the history of sculptures in order to focus on determining the composition of materials, ie the type of supporting wood, and industrial paints with which Lipovac painted reliefs, and determining the appropriate method and materials which will be used in conservation-restoration procedure. The selection of conservation materials was based on green chemistry and features of contemporary works which Lipovac performed in wood and painted with so called "non-artistic" colors . Gels based on natural rubber and water proved to be the best medium for cleaning surface impurities on the selected artworks. Ksantan gel pH 7 was used to clean surface impurities in the most sensitive, blue areas of the Sailor, and the same gel in a solution of citric acid in distilled water pH 6 was used on other zones of the colored layer of the Sailor and on the entire surface of the Lady. Stains that are not part of the original paint layer visible on the Lady were removed mechanically . Wooden support of both sculptures, degraded under the influence of moisture and wormholes, wasconsolidated with the solution of Paraloid B-72 in ethyl alcohol and acetone (1:1), gradually increasing the percentage of consolidant in the solvent (12 - 20%) . The painted layer, raised in places and separated from the underlying layers, was glued with the LascauxMedium for consolidation. This acrylic dispersion did not cause deformation of the painted layer and did not affect the color tone. A 20% Paraloid B-72 putty in ethyl alcohol with chalk and microballoons (1:1) was used to fill in the major damage in the wood, and a Mowiol putty was used for minor damage, such as wormhole holes. A 25% Paraloid B-72 putty with microballoons in acetone was selected for the reconstruction of missing parts of the wooden carrier. The last layer of the reconstruction of the lower part of the Sailor and the Lady was performed with tinted 25% Paraloid B-72putty with microballoons and Bologna chalk in acetone. The ground layer was reconstructed with a 10% solution of Mowiol in distilled water, thickened with Bologna chalk in a weight ratio (1:2). Retouching was performed with pigments bound with a 25% solution of Aquazol 500 in water. The lower reconstructed part of the wooden carrier of the Sailor has been retouched, to visually III integrate the putty color with the surrounding wood texture. The retouching of this part was done with watercolors, using the tratteggio technique. A 25% solution, followed by a 10% solution of Regalrez 1094 in Shellsol D40, with the addition of the fumed silica powder, was used for varnishing. Fumed silica was added to regulate the gloss of the varnish. The appearance of the whole of the Lipovac's "relief group from Cavtat" was reconstructed using a computer CAD programme (SketchUp 8) based on preserved elements and photo-documentations. |
