| Abstract | Uvod: Psihofarmaci su skupina lijekova s djelovanjem na centralni živčani sustav koji se koriste u liječenju različitih psihičkih poremećaja. Pored korisnih učinaka izazivaju i nuspojave od kojih se neke odnose na uzimanje hrane i metabolizam. Posljedično, psihofarmaci mogu uzrokovati pojavu komponenti metaboličkog sindroma te različitih somatskih poremećaja koji iz njih proizlaze. S obzirom na to da je liječenje duševnih bolesti dugotrajno, često i doživotno, potrebno je pravovremena otkrivanje utjecaja psihofarmaka te prilagodba terapije i načina života pacijentu s ciljem što bolje skrbi i kvalitete života.
Cilj: Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi povezanost metaboličkog sindroma s uporabom psihofarmaka kod pacijenata u Neuropsihijatrijskoj bolnici "dr. Ivan Barbot", Popovača.
Metode: Provedeno je presječno istraživanje. Ispitanici su bili pacijenti Neuropsihijatrijske bolnice „Dr. Ivan Barbot“, Popovača u periodu od veljače do ožujka 2023. godine. Podatci su prikupljeni s pomoću radnog upitnika koji je sadržavao pitanja vezana uz spol i dob bolesnika, završeno obrazovanje, psihijatrijsku dijagnozu, dužinu trajanja psihijatrijske bolesti, psihofarmacima koje pacijenti koriste i duljini korištenja, tjelesna visina, tjelesna težina, opseg struka, indeks tjelesne mase, vrijednosti glukoze u krvi natašte i dva sata nakon obroka, lipidogram i vrijednost krvnog tlaka.
Rezultati: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 150 ispitanika od kojih je 110 (73,3 %) muškaraca i 40 (26,7 %) žena. Ispitanici su u dobi od 18 do 76 godina (M=48,4; SD=14,848). Ispitanici se najčešće liječe pod dijagnozama iz skupine shizofrenije (69,3 %). Metabolički sindrom je potvrđen kod 77 ispitanika (51,3 %). Pacijenti koji uzimaju psihofarmake dulje od 6 mjeseci češće imaju metabolički sindrom no nije potvrđena razlika u pojavnosti metaboličkog sindroma u odnosu na duljinu uzimanja psihofarmaka (χ2=0,006; p=0,939). Nije potvrđena razlika u pojavnosti metaboličkog sindroma u odnosu na psihijatrijske pacijente u odnosu na spol (χ2=2,870; p=,090. Nije potvrđena hipoteza o češćoj pojavnosti metaboličkog sindroma kod pacijenata starije dobi u odnosu na mlađu dobnu skupinu (χ2=1,203; p=,273).
Zaključak: Analizom dobivenih rezultata ustanovljena je visoka prevalencija metaboličkog sindroma. Nije potvrđena pretpostavka o češćoj pojavnosti metaboličkog sindroma kod pacijenata koji uzimaju psihofarmake dulje od 6 mjeseci, također nije se pokazala značajna razlika u pojedinim komponentama metaboličkog sindroma u odnosu na duljinu uzimanja psihofarmaka. Metabolički sindrom se podjednako često javlja i kod muških i kod ženskih
pacijentica, no dobivene su razlike u kriterijskim vrijednostima komponenti metaboličkog sindroma, gdje pacijentice imaju značajno niže vrijednosti triglicerida i više vrijednosti HDL-a u odnosu na muške pacijente. Pojavnost metaboličkog sindroma kod starije i mlađe dobne skupine je bez statistički značajne razlike. |
| Abstract (english) | Background: Psychopharmaceuticals are a group of drugs with an effect on the central nervous system that are used in the treatment of various psychological disorders. In addition to beneficial effects, they also cause side effects, some of which relate to food intake and metabolism. Consequently, psychopharmaceuticals can cause the appearance of components of the metabolic syndrome and various somatic disorders resulting from them. Given that the treatment of mental illnesses is long-term, often lifelong, it is necessary to detect the effects of psychotropic drugs in a timely manner and to adjust the patient's therapy and lifestyle in order to better care for the quality of life.
Aim: The aim of the research is to determine the connection between metabolic syndrome and the use of psychotropic drugs in patients at the "Dr. Ivan Barbot" Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Popovača.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The respondents were patients of the Neuropsychiatric Hospital "Dr. Ivan Barbot", Popovača in the period from February to March 2023. The data were collected using a working questionnaire that contained questions related to the gender and age of the patient, completed education, psychiatric diagnosis, duration of the psychiatric illness, psychopharmaceuticals used by the patients and length of use, body height, body weight, waist circumference, body mass index, values fasting blood glucose and two hours after a meal, lipidogram and blood pressure value.
Results: A total of 150 respondents participated in the research, of which 110 (73.3 %) were men and 40 (26.7 %) were women. The respondents are between the ages of 18 and 76 (M=48.4). Respondents are most often treated under diagnoses from the schizophrenia group (69.3 %). Metabolic syndrome was confirmed in 77 subjects (51.3 %). Patients who take psychotropic drugs for longer than 6 months have metabolic syndrome more often, but no difference in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome was confirmed in relation to the length of taking psychotropic drugs (χ2=0.006; p=0.939). No difference was confirmed in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in relation to psychiatric patients in relation to gender (χ2=2.870; p=.090). The hypothesis about a more frequent occurrence of metabolic syndrome in older patients compared to younger age groups was not confirmed (χ2=1.203; p =,273).
Conclusion: The analysis of the obtained results established a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The assumption about a more frequent occurrence of metabolic syndrome in patients who take psychopharmaceuticals for longer than 6 months was not confirmed, nor was there a significant difference in individual components of metabolic syndrome in relation to the length of taking psychopharmaceuticals. Metabolic syndrome occurs equally often in both male and female patients, but differences were obtained in the criterion values of the metabolic syndrome components, where female patients have significantly lower triglyceride values and higher HDL values compared to male patients. The occurrence of metabolic syndrome in older and younger age groups is without statistically significant difference. |
