| Abstract | Padovi i ozljede u starijoj životnoj dobi predstavljaju opasnost i veliki javnozdravstveni problem. Mnogobrojni čimbenici, vanjski i unutarnji utječu na pojavnost padova. Posljedice pada kod starijih osoba su često ozbiljne i u velikoj mjeri rezultiraju ozljedama, potrebi hospitalizacije te dugoročno smanjuju mogućnosti brige o sebi. Padovi i ozljede mogu biti spriječeni te je od osobite važnosti upućenost starijih osoba u rizične čimbenike, postupke sprečavanje i njihove posljedice.
Cilj provedenog istraživanja je bio utvrditi razinu informiranosti starijih osoba o postupcima i posljedicama pada i ozljeda. Specifični ciljevi su bili utvrditi razliku u razini informiranosti starijih osoba u odnosu na dob, spol, razinu obrazovanja, iskustvo pada i u odnosu na to s kim ispitanici žive. Istraživanje je provedeno kao presječna studija uz korištenje ankete u koje je bilo uključeno 220 ispitanika starije životne dobi od 65 godina i više koji žive u vlastitim kućanstvima na području Doma zdravlja Zagreb-Zapad. Prosječna dob ispitanika je bila 79,20 godina, dok je ispitanika muškog spola bilo 35,5%, a ženskog spola 64,5%. Iskustvo pada unatrag godinu dana je imalo njih 49,1%. Udio ispitanika koji su potvrdili da su dobili informacije o postupcima sprječavanja pada je bio 50,9%, od čega je njih 31,4% dobilo informacije od medicinske sestre. Od ukupnih 12 pitanja koja su utvrđivala razinu informiranosti i koja su testirana, aritmetička sredina točnih odgovora je bila 7,33. Iz navedenog se može ustvrditi da su starije osobe informirane o postupcima i posljedicama pada i ozljeda. Međutim, ustanovljena razina informiranosti upućuje na potrebu daljnje kontinuirane nadogradnje znanja i povećanja informiranosti starijih osoba. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja su utvrdili da usporedbom točnih odgovora ispitanika nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u razini informiranosti u odnosu na dob, p=0,169 (p>0,05), kao ni u odnosu na spol p=0,497 (p>0,05). Iznenađujuće rezultate je dala usporedba točnih odgovora ispitanika u odnosu na njihovo iskustvo pada, gdje također nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika p=0,302 (p>0,05) u razini informiranosti. Usporedbom točnih odgovora i razine obrazovanja utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika p=0,007 (p<0,05). Najvišu razinu znanja imaju ispitanici s visokom stručnom spremom. Također je utvrđena statistički značajna razlika p=0,022 (p<0,05) u razini informiranosti ispitanika u odnosu na to s kim žive. Utvrđeno je da ispitanici koji žive s bračnim partnerom ili članom obitelji imaju veću razinu znanja u odnosu na ispitanike koji žive sami. |
| Abstract (english) | Falls and injuries in older age pose a danger and a major public health problem. Numerous factors, external and internal, affect the occurrence of falls. The consequences of falling in elderly people are often serious and result in injuries, hospitalization, and in the long run, they reduce the possibilities of self-care. Falls and injuries can be prevented and it is very important for elderly people to be aware of risk factors, the prevention procedures and the consequence.
The aim of this research was to establish the level of information of the elderly in the procedures and consequences of falling and injuries. Specific goals of research were to establish the difference in the level of information regarding age, gender, level of education, experience of falling and compared to those with whom the respondents live. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study using a survey involving 220 respondents older than 65 year, living in their own households in the area of Health Center Zagreb -West. Average age of respondents was 79,20 years, while male subjects were 35,5% and female sex 64,5%. One year back, the 49,1% of the respondents had experience of fall. The proportion of respondents who confirmed that they received information on prevention procedures was 50,9%, of which 31,4% received information from nurses. Out of the total of 12 questions that determined the level of information and the arithmetic mean of the exact answers tested was 7,33. From this it can be assumed that elderly people are informed about the falls and injuries and its consequences. However, the established level of information indicates the need for continuous upgrading of knowledge and level of information. The results of the conducted research found that by comparing the exact answers of the respondents, no statistically significant difference was found in relation to the age, p=0,169 (p>0,05), nor in relation to gender p=0,497 (p>0,05). Surprisingly, the results compared the respondents' correct answers to their fall experience, show there was no statistically significant difference p=0,302 (p>0,05) in information level. By comparing the correct answers and the level of education, a statistically significant difference was established p=0,007 (p<0,05). The highest level of knowledge had the respondents with high education degree. A statistically significant difference p=0,022 (p<0,05) was also found in the information level of the respondents depending on with whom the respondents live. It was found that respondents who live with a spouse or a family member have a higher level of knowledge than those who live alone. |
