Title "Alge u svemirskim istraživanjima" Title (english) "Algae in space research" Author Đivo Matović Mentor Sanja Tomšić (mentor)Committee member Ana Bratoš Cetinić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Sanja Tomšić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Marina Brailo Šćepanović (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Dubrovnik Defense date and country 2022-07-15, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Abstract Još uvijek postoje mnogi izazovi koje treba nadvladati u području istraživanja svemira izvan niske Zemljine orbite (LEO, Low-Earth-Orbit) i za dugoročnije misije poput misija na ISS-u (International Space Station) ili misija za proučavanje drugih planetarnih tijela. Jedan od najvećih problema je pouzdana opskrba posade zrakom, vodom i hranom. Bioregenerativni sustavi za održavanje života (BLSS) imaju za cilj uzgojem alga i cijanobakterija, u bioreaktorima za obradu otpada, revitalizirati zrak i vodu i potaknuti proizvodnju hrane. U ovom radu naglasak je na procesu fotosinteze, fotosintetski aktivnim algama i cijanobakterijama te mogućnosti integracije fotobioreaktora u svemirskim uvjetima, za uklanjanje toksičnog ugljičnog dioksida (CO2) i proizvodnju kisika (O2) kao i jestive biomase. U radu su opisana provedena svemirska istraživanja u niskoj Zemljinoj orbiti (LEO) s fotobioreaktorima (na Zemlji i u svemiru) objavljena u posljednjih 30 godina. Raspravljeno je o različitim operacijskim sustavima, o testiranim fotoautotrofnim organizmima, postojećim izazovima i novim rješenjima. Iako je mnoštvo eksperimenata pokazalo uspješnu biološku revitalizaciju zraka, svemirski okoliš predstavlja brojne izazove; prijenos plinova u uvjetima mikrogravitacije, što neizbježno utječe na proces uzgoja alga i proizvodnju kisika, te konstrukcijska povezanost raznih tehnološko-bioloških odjeljaka (npr. reciklaža urina), odnosno stvaranje maksimalno kružnog, zatvorenog sustava. Istaknuti su nedostatci i potreba za razvojem novih svemirskih tehnologija koje će savladati postojeće izazove i izraditi potpuno funkcionalan BLSS.
Abstract (english) There are still many challenges to overcome in the field of space exploration beyond low-Earth-Orbit (LEO, Low-Earth-Orbit) and for long-term missions to ISS (International Space Station) or in the exploration of other planetary bodies. One of the biggest problems is the reliable supply of air, water and food for the crew. Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) aim to revitalize air and water as well as initiate food production by growing algae and cyanobacteria in bioreactors for waste treatment. In this paper, the emphasis is on the process of photosynthesis, photosynthetically active algae, and cyanobacteria as well as the possibilities of integrating photobioreactors in space conditions, for the removal of toxic carbon dioxide (CO2), production of oxygen (O2), and edible biomass. The paper presents space research conducted in low Earth orbit (LEO) with photobioreactors (on Earth and in space) published in the last 30 years. Different operating systems, various tested photoautotrophic organisms, existing challenges, and new solutions are discussed. Although many experiments have shown successful biological revitalization of air, the space environment presents numerous challenges; the transfer of gases in microgravity conditions, which inevitably affects the cultivation process and oxygen production, as well as the technical aspects of connecting different recycling sections (eg. urine recycling) to generate a maximally circular, closed system. The paper highlights shortcomings and the need to develop new space technologies to overcome existing challenges and create a fully functional BLSS.
Keywords
cijanobakterije
alge
fotosinteza
svemir
BLSS (Bioregentitivni sustav za održavanje života)
Keywords (english)
space
cyanobacteria
algae
photosynthesis
BLSS (Bioregenrative Life Support Systems)
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:155:002072 Study programme Title: Aquaculture Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2023-02-24 13:32:10
