This paper covers the role of technology in transport logistics and its development over time. The subject of research in this thesis refers to the study of theoretical determinants of transport technologies and their role in the development of any economy. As a part of the logistics chain, the transport represents a very important link that connects the manufacturer and the end consumer and allows faster delivery of goods. The transport technologies are a result of increasing demands of consumers as well as a new way to meet the needs of the market in the most efficient and effective way. This paper will define the logistics processes, contemporary transport technologies and the role of the European Union in the development of the Croatian transport system. The aim is to show the role played by transport in logistics systems. Also, it will determine the meaning of transport and transport technologies for the development of any economy as well as the importance of continual investment in its construction and development.