| Abstract | Tumor središnjeg živčanog sustava je svaka novotvorina u lubanjskoj šupljini koja se razvija u živčanom tkivu i krvnim žilama mozga, moždanim ovojnicama (meningeama), intrakranijalnim dijelovima moždanih živaca, embrionalnim defektima, hipofizi, epifizi, unutrašnjoj površini lubanje, koja ima progresivan rastući tijek i svojim rastom razara, zamjenjuje ili potiskuje moždano tkivo i ranije ili kasnije dovodi do povećanja intrakranijalnog tlaka. Tumori središnjeg živčanog sustava su zasebna i heterogena skupina novotvorina. Njihove su osobine na više razina različite u odnosu na tumore drugih organskih sustava. Razlika dobroćudnih i zloćudnih tumora je manje izražena nego kod tumora drugih sustava, te i dobroćudni tumori mogu dovesti do smrtnog ishoda ili teškog neurološkog ispada. [1] Tumori središnjeg živčanog sustava (SŽS) čine oko 10% ukupnog broja ljudskih tumora. Učestalost intrakranijalnih tumora iznosi 5-6/100.000 stanovnika, dok je učestalost spinalnih tumora 2/100.000 stanovnika. Razvojem i sve većom dostupnošću neuroradiološke dijagnostike (CT i MR) mozga danas se sve češće i ranije otkrivaju intrakranijalni patološki procesi. S obzirom na učestalost, danas su sekundarni metastatski tumori najčešći intrakranijalni tumori. Slijede tumori mozgovnih ovojnica, te potom primarni tumori mozga.[2] Medicinska sestra kao član tima provodi i planira postupke iz područja zdravstvene njege. Medicinska sestra mora voditi računa o mogućoj pojavi simptoma u prijeoperacijskoj, operacijskoj i postoperacijskoj fazi koji bi ukazivali na pogoršanje i komplikacije postojećeg stanja. Svaki pacijent je individua i stoga mu treba pristupiti jedinstveno, holistički. U nastavku ovog rada će se prikazati anatomija središnjeg živčanog sustava, vrste tumora, simptomi tumora središnjeg živčanog sustava, koja je uloga medicinske sestre u radu sa pacijentima koji imaju dijagnozu tumora te dijagnozu i liječenje. |
| Abstract (english) | The tumor of the central nervous system each neoplasm in the cranial cavity, which develops in the nervous tissue and blood vessels of the brain, meninges (meningioma), intracranial parts of the brain nerve, embryonic defects, pituitary gland, pineal gland, the inner surface of the skull, which has a progressive course of growing and its destroys growth, replaces or suppresses brain tissue, and sooner or later leads to increased intracranial pressure. Tumors of the central nervous system are distinct and heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Their properties are different on different levels in relation to tumors of other organ systems. The difference of benign and malignant tumors is less pronounced than in other tumor systems, and the benign tumors can lead to death or severe neurological disorder. [1] Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) make up about 10% of all human tumors. The incidence of intracranial tumors is 5-6 / 100,000 population, while the incidence of spinal tumors 2 / 100,000inhabitants. The development and the increasing availability of neuroradiology (CT and MRI) today is more and earlier reveal intracranial pathologic processes. Due to the frequency, are now secondary - metastatic - the most common tumors intracranial tumors. Next brain tumors envelope, and then primary brain tumors. [2] The nurse as a member of the team carried out and planned actions in the field of health care. The nurse must take into account the possible occurrence of symptoms in the preoperative, operating and postoperacijskoj stage that would indicate deterioration and complications of the current situation. Each patient is an individual and therefore it needs to access a unique, holistic. In this paper, will show the anatomy of the central nervous system, tumors, symptoms of tumors of the central nervous system, which is a major roles in working with patients who have a diagnosis of cancer, diagnosis and treatment. |
