Colon cancer is a significant public health problem in Croatia and globally. It is the third most common malignant tumor in developed countries and the third leading cause of death in the Republic of Croatia. The National Preventive Program for Early Detection of Colon Cancer has been started in 2007 in order to reduce mortality from colon cancer in Croatia. The goal of the program is to detect cancer at the earliest possible stage of the disease. Within the program, people between 50 and 74 years old recived invitation letter to performe the testing for occult bleeding. Participants with a positive result are further called to obtain a colonoscopy. Within this thesis knowledge and attitudes about the National Preventive Program for Early Detection of Colon Cancer, sources of information, methods and testing procedures, reasons for not responding to testing invitations and lifestyle habits with regard to risk factors will be explored. The reserch sample consisted of 324 people aged 50 to 74, who are the target group for the prevention program. Most respondents were in the age between 62 and 67 years. 79 of respondents have perfored test after receiving the invitation letter from the Institute of Public Health, while 141 of them did not respond. The obtained data are in agreement with the data collected a few years ago in the Varaždin County, which indicate an insufficient response rate. The results showed that the main reason why people are not responding to the program is the absence of symptoms associated with colon cancer.