Title Utjecaj smjenskog rada na zadovoljstvo, zdravlje i san medicinskih sestara/tehničara Title (english) Impact of shiftwork on the satisfaction, health and sleep of nurses Author Ljerka Šoković Mentor Jurica Veronek (mentor)Committee member Andreja Bogdan (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Jurica Veronek (član povjerenstva)Committee member Melita Sajko (član povjerenstva)Granter University North Defense date and country 2020-09-09, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Zanimanje medicinske sestre/tehničara jedno je od zanimanja koja iziskuju 24-satnu dostupnost usluga. Sukladno tome, većina zdravstvenih radnika će svoj radni vijek provesti u nekoj od kombinacija smjenskog rada. Smjenski rad je definiran kao rad čiji se vremenski raspored trajno ili učestalo nalazi izvan standardnog radnog vremena. Upravo te različite kombinacije smjenskog rada izvor su i poremećaja zdravlja i dobrobiti medicinskih sestara/tehničara. Tegobe koje se često javljaju kao posljedica poremećaja uzrokovanih smjenskim radom su: glavobolje, bolovi u leđima, gastritis, poremećaji menstrualnog ciklusa kod žena, depresija, anksioznost i socijalna izolacija. Osim fizičkih, psihičkih i socijalnih poremećaja, kao posljedica desinkronizacije cirkadijiskih ritmova može doći i do simptoma poput umora, nesanice i smanjenih kognitivnih sposobnosti. Takva stanja utječu ne samo na medicinsku sestru/tehničara, već i na sigurnost pacijenta, ali i opće populacije.
Cilj ovog rada bio je usporediti kvalitetu zdravlja i sna, te zadovoljstvo uvjetima rada kod medicinskih sestara/tehničara koji rade u smjenskom radu s izmjenama 12-satnih dnevnih smjena s 12-satnim noćnim smjenama ili s rotacijama jutarnjih, poslijepodnevnih i noćnih smjena te oni koje rade u dežurstvu (24 sata) naspram medicinskih sestara/tehničara koji rade u ostalim oblicima smjenskog i nesmjenskog rada.
Istraživanje je provedeno putem Interneta u razdoblju od 6. svibnja 2020. godine do 20. srpnja 2020. godine. Kao instrument istraživanja koristio se posebno strukturirani upitnik za potrebe ovog rada. Upitnik: „Samoprocjena medicinskih sestara/tehničara o utjecaju rada na kvalitetu osobnog zdravlja i sna“ izrađen je putem aplikacije Google docs obrasci. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 1257 sudionika. Sudionici su prije početka ispunjavanja upitnika upoznati sa njegovom svrhom. Ispunjavanju su pristupali anonimno i dobrovoljno.
Prema rezultatima, utvrđeno je da medicinske sestre/tehničari koji rade u 12-satnim izmjenama dnevnih i noćnih smjena, oni koji rade u rotacijama dan/poslijepodne/noć, te oni koji rade u dežurstvu (24 sata) sa 99% sigurnošću će iskazivati veće nezadovoljstvo uvjetima rada, vlastitim obrascem spavanja, te zdravljem.
Zaključak temeljen na ovim rezultatima, upućuje na važnost inplementacije strategija i mjera prevencije koje će spriječiti ili barem smanjiti nezadovoljstvo i njegove posljedice među smjenskim radnicima.
Abstract (english) The occupation of a nurse/technician is one of the professions that require a 24-hour availability of services. Accordingly, most healthcare professionals will spend their working life in one of the combinations of shiftwork. Shift work is defined as work whose time schedule is permanently or frequently outside standard working hours. It is precisely these different combinations of shiftwork that are the source of health and well-being disorders of nurses/technicians. Problems that often occur as a result of shiftwork disorders are: headaches, back pain, gastritis, menstrual cycle disorders in women, depression, anxiety and social isolation. In addition to physical, mental and social disorders, symptoms such as fatigue, insomnia and decreased cognitive abilities may also occur as a consequence of the desynchronisation of circadian rhythms. Such conditions affect not only the nurse/technician, but also the safety of the patient, and general population. The aim of this paper was to compare the quality of health and sleep, and satisfaction with working conditions of nurses/technicians working in shifts with changes of 12-hour daily shifts with 12-hour night shifts or with rotations of morning, afternoon and night shifts and those working on duty(24 hours) in relation to nurses/technicians working in other forms of shift and shift work. The research was conducted online from May 6, 2020 to July 20, 2020. A specially structured questionnaire for the purpose of this paper was used as a research instrument. Questionnaire: “Self-assessment of nurses/technicians on the impact of work on the quality of personal health and sleep” was made through Google docs forms. A total of 1257 participants participated in the survey. Participants were informed of its purpose before the questionnaire was started. They approached the fulfillment anonymously and voluntarily. According to the results, it has been established that nurses/technicians working in 12-hour changes of day and night shifts, those working in rotation day/afternoon/night, and those working on duty (24 hours) with 99% certainty will demonstrate greater dissatisfaction with working conditions, their own sleep pattern and health condition. The conclusion based on these results points to the importance of intriguing prevention strategies and measures that will prevent or at least reduce dissatisfaction and its consequences among shiftworkers.
Keywords
medicinske sestre/tehničari
smjenski rad
cirkadijski ritam
radni uvjeti
zdravlje
san
prevencija
Keywords (english)
nurses/technicians
shift work
circadian rhythm
working conditions
health
sleep
prevention
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:122:792646 Study programme Title: Nursing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2020-11-25 08:40:48
