| Abstract | Beta-hemolitički streptokok grupe A ili Streptococcus pyogenes Gram pozitivna je bakterija koja može uzrokovati mnogobrojne bolesti kao što su erizipel, faringitis, tonsilitis, šarlah i slične. Erizipel je akutna ili kronična ponavljajuća bolest koju karakteriziraju vrućica, malaksalost i upalne ili gnojne lezije jasno ograničenih područja kože. Drugim riječima, definira se kao infektivno-alergijska bolest uzrokovana beta-hemolitičkim streptokokom skupine A, a karakterizira je serozna i serozno-hemoragična fokalna upala kože i sluznice, vrućica i jaka sistemska reakcija organizma.
Osim primarnih oboljenja, uzrokuje komplikacije u vidu gnojnih manifestacija poput celulitisa i peritonzilarnog apcesa, a može uzrokovati sistemske imunosne reakcije u vidu reumatskog febriliteta, artritisa te poststreptokoknog glomerulonefritisa. U sklopu ovog diplomskog rada cilj je prikazati etiološke i epidemiološke čimbenike infekcije beta-hemolitičkim streptokokom grupe A, bolesti koje on uzrokuje (uz naglasak na erizipel) te prikazati opseg znanja medicinskih sestara i tehničara o bakteriji i njezinom djelovanju, ali i stavove vezane uz istu. Provedeno je istraživanje u kojem je sudjelovalo 213 medicinskih sestara i tehničara koje rade na različitim odjelima, od kojih su 68 ispitanika srednje stručne spreme, a 107 prvostupnika/prvostupnica sestrinstva. Ispitanici su odgovarali na pitanja vezana uz poznavanje etiologije bolesti, ali i na pitanja vezana uz prijenos infekcije i liječenje bolesti. Iz rezultata istraživanja se saznaje da su medicinske sestre i tehničari djelomično upoznati sa beta-hemolitičkim streptokokom grupe A, etiološkim i epidemiološkim čimbenicima zaraze, liječenjem i komplikacijama koje mogu nastati infekcijom. |
| Abstract (english) | Beta-haemolytic group A streptococcus or Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive bacterial species that can cause many diseases such as erysipelas, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, etc. Erysipelas represents an acute or chronic recurrent disease characterized by fever, malaise, and inflammatory or purulent lesions with clearly demarcated areas of the skin. In other words, it can be defined as an infectious-allergic clinical entity caused by beta-haemolytic group A streptococcus, and is characterized by serous and serous-haemorrhagic focal inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes, fever, as well as a strong systemic reaction of the organism.
In addition to primary diseases, it causes complications in the form of purulent manifestations such as cellulitis and peritonsillar abscess, and can cause systemic immune reactions in the form of rheumatic fever, arthritis and poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. As a part of this thesis, the aim was to present the etiological and epidemiological factors of infection with beta-haemolytic streptococcus group A, the disease it causes with emphasis on erysipelas, and to show the extent of knowledge of nurses and technicians about this bacterial agent and its virulence, but also attitudes related to it. A study was conducted in which 213 nurses and technicians working from different departments participated, of which 68 respondents had secondary education, while there were 107 bachelors of nursing. Respondents answered questions related to knowledge of the aetiology of the disease, but also to questions related to infection transmission, treatment and prognosis. The results of this research demonstrate that nurses and technicians are not completely familiar with beta-haemolytic group A streptococcus, etiological and epidemiological factors of infection, bacterial virulence, treatment and complications that can occur with this infection. |
